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Paulina Schumann

Or the circus as a fine art

daughter of legendary clown Charlie Rivel English, Paulina Schumann was one of the greatest innovators of the circus in the twentieth century. After a career as an acrobat and dancer through the major music halls of the First World War, in 1949 he married Paulina Swede Max Schumann, perhaps the Masimo equestrian artist of the last century, heir to an ancient dynasty German circus aristocracy. At his side, Paulina shakes academicism classic equestrian art in its choreographic eclecticism varieties introduces numbers theme, choreography, musical arrangements, making herself a great rider and host of horses. In the '50s and '60s, his numbers of horses presented at the Circus Schumann in Scandinavia and the Bertram Mills in London have been the aesthetic model of reference for generations to come. Paulina equestrian inspired creations to the world of folklore, dance or film icons such as My Fair Lady, Robin Hood, etc.. Memorable number created to "Rhapsody in Blue" by Gherswin.

At the end of his career in the '70s is back as childhood Paulina to be his father's shoulder Charlie Rivel in his clown numbers. Today, after nearly a century of global career before kings and celebrities on the planet, Paulina lives in Spain. Last month he received the Medal is of Fine Arts from the hands of His Majesty Juan Carlos of Bourbon, the National Prize of Culture of Catalonia. In homage, we put on youtube a montage of rare footage of his unique career

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Angels Flying

Tribute to Cesare Togni Togni

The dynasty is one of the oldest, many consistent and stable in the world of business and artistic successes. It was begun in 1872 by Aristide Togni, who married the circus Teresa De Bianchi. His sons opened in 1919, the words of the National Circus Togni. The family then scinderà in several large circuses in 1956, with the various current branches. In the 50s the
Togni, who excelled in various specialties of the track, had given birth to a troupe of trapeze artists flying, especially large and brilliant results.




From left: Willy Togni, Ugo Miletti, Enis Togni, Togni Oscar, Wanda Miletti, Lidia Togni, Liliana Miletti, Cesare Togni, Bruno Togni (thanks to Alex Togni for correct identifications). Copyright coll.Raffaele De Ritis

Outstanding among them is Cesare Togni (1924-2008), remained able to exploit a unique flip the breakneck above the trapeze bar, after returning from a triple pirouette into the arms of porteur .
In tribute to him and ringmaster, we show below a clip of his famous exercise video for "The funniest show on earth" (Mario Mattioli, 1953).

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The London Hippodrome

divers Elephants, blind pianist, giant tortoises and Ruggero Leoncavallo

In January 1900, the square in London's Leicester Square, already teeming with theaters, attractions, saw the birth of one of the most extraordinary buildings ever conceived: the colossal London Hippodrome. The ambition was to give the city a theater-circus stable capable of every wonder. In addition to a stage worthy of the temples of opera, the chairs of the audience could disappear from the track to host a circus, an arena rink or a swimming pool capable of 100 thousand liters of water, with fountains, waterfalls, boats and spectacular floods.



from month to month, they could perform at the Hippodrome legends such as Little Tich tiny or huge elephants Divers Busch, the pantomime "Siberia" with the 70 polar bears Wilhelm Hagenbeck or "Cinderella" appeared dressed as a cat in which a child at the beginning: Charlie Chaplin. And then the legendary WCFields, the riders Gautier, their siblings, and any animal can, from cormorants to rattlesnakes. And then the Russian giant, African pygmies, a violinist with no arms or legs of a cyclist without a plunger. Poets will read their writing on the backs of giant tortoises, and Ruggero Leoncavallo himself went there "Pagliacci."



In 1909, the Hippodrome was converted into a classical theater hall, without lessening the great attractions: such as Houdini, the magician or Cinquevalli Chung Ling Soo.
After World War II became a theater of the magazine, "The Talk of The Town" and a concert hall for superstars such as Judy Garland and Dean Martin. Finally, in the '80s it was converted into a nightclub.
On October 2, 2008, the Hippodrome becomes a circus-variety restored in all its glory by hosting "The Clique" extravagant show of acrobats, contortionists, sword-swallower and burlesque: www.lacliquelondon.com

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The Nicolodis

The glorious era of "Italian-style acrobats"




If today the slopes of circuses are full of extraordinary Chinese and Russian jumpers, until a few decades ago, the stunt was a prerogative of the Italian school.
During the second half of the 800, the modern stunt spectacular comes from a sort of cross between the culture of physical fitness and families traveling circus. In short, many of these dynasties established themselves in the world. Some of them were responsible for the distribution of numbers known as "Italian-style stunt" pure stunt performances, without use of accessories, where the athletes themselves provide the propulsion for their partners. But this kind differed also for the exceptional charisma and stage of communication with the public, characteristic of Latin culture. These troupes, with their art tiring and difficult, have almost disappeared before 1990. They saw their explosion in the '60s, dominating the market, circus and night clubs around the globe.
central character of this kind has been Nicolodi family: just as they can claim the most prestigious gigs in tents and on the main stages of their time. But above all, an unparalleled athletic and artistic repertoire. You can discover in the next movie of 1969.

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Oleg Popov

The clown thaw

Oleg Popov (n.1930) was the first Soviet clown out of the "curtain" communist in 1956 when the legendary Circus Moscow carried out his Western tour in Paris and Brussels. Proved so 'the basic elements of Russian twentieth-century clown: the development of technical virtuosity in the circus and parody of the numbers (as happened in 800), but especially great influence of silent film and drama. Popov demonstrated to be able to add strong elements of satire but also a strong element of 'poetry', which will profoundly influence the School.
Among his classics, the pantomime of "circle of light" (from an idea had in the 40s to the U.S. by Emmett Kelly), we propose here a rare video.

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Tito Gaona

The hero of the flying trapeze

Tito Gaona was one of the biggest names on the flying trapeze after the war. At only 14 he was already capable of a triple somersault, one of the few in the world. Later, it was the only one in history to run it blindfolded ... He traveled the world, was the first flying trapeze artist to win the Golden Clown in Monte Carlo in 1978 ...
For the past ten years has retired and soul for an important school aerialists in Florida.

In this video, the performance of the Flying Gaonas at the Festival of Monte Carlo in 1978.






the link below, you can admire a selection of rare footage of the remarkable career of Tito.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlLdWxhSE9U

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I Clerans




Humor air

Around 1960, the art of trapeze and acrobatics Air was renewed techniques and are spectacular. Among the phenomena of those years there was a French duo, the Clérans, who then popularized in the proprietary world that the "big picture plane." Remains their memorable journey into the unknown, without any protective device outlet end at the wrists.
It can be seen in this rare movie (which we discovered by chance in a British newsreel) during their presentation at the Cirque d'Hiver in Paris.

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Joe Jackson

Two generations of poetry and laughter Cycling

The name is Joe Jackson was one of the legends of the circus and variety.
In the early twentieth century, on the stages of vaudeville emerged with the name of the tramp bike thief: a masterful piece of pantomime stunt that had nothing to envy to the clowns of silent films that were emerging in those years.
Joe Jackson became a legend. His prestige in the circuit of equagliava variety of Al Jolson, Houdini the Marx Brothers, Fred Astaire.

The exact same number was taken over by his son, Joe Jackson jr. (Pictured below), which continued to perform until the '70s.



Here we see the number full Joe Jackson jr. (Divided in two parts), in the memorable recording of the show "Clowns" at Circus in Stockholm in 1978 of Djiugarten

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lions Schneider

The captain of the 100 lions

Alfred Schneider, the "captain" was a popular trainer in the early decades of the German 900. Much of his fame was the fact that it took all their lions for the film "Quo Vadis", a German-Italian production of 1919. Owner of a quantity considerable amount of wild beasts, became famous for his "100 lions", with whom he performed in a cage throwing their steaks, dressed as a navy captain. Although in reality the lions were not more than 70, the show could be awesome.
Schneider also opened his own circus, which failed in Naples in 1932 where he was dismissed in an unusual auction. Following the "captain" continued to perform as a trainer for large European circuses.
Here is a gallery of documents and Schneider, in our data, an extraordinary testimony of his filmed performances.

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The poet of juggling

Francis Brunn

Few artists in the history of the circus have resulted in a first and after in his art. One of these is the juggler Francis Brunn. In the twentieth century, was the perfect balance between the rigor of classical circus, perfectionist in search of the exploit, and innovative research in artistic expression. His openness to the language of dance and the arts, combined with the typical practice of traditional handicraft made him a legend. Since the '40s, Brunn has performed in all the biggest circus and music hall in the world. One of the few jugglers to perform as a soloist in the central track of the Ringling-Barnum in America.
We offer a performance in a U.S. television in the late '60s.

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The parade of Barnum and Bailey Circus

few years after the death of Barnum, in 1899, on the west coast American James Anton Bailey embarked on two transatlantic "the greatest show on earth" to the coast of Britain. Thousands of people, animals, vehicles, trains and infrastructure. Recall in their memoirs George Conklin, the director of the zoo train, "was the largest company after the Ark of Noah." And you could hardly blame him. For the next four years, the "Barnum and Bailey" pouring into cities and villages of Europe to his home town of tents and wonders, the world's largest traveling the world has ever known. And, as in America, the opening day of the circus parade was offered free of the great urban paraded the orchestra the colossal "car of the two hemispheres" which followed the wagons with the cages, then the beautiful carved wooden cars and the parade of elephants and exotic animals.

We have two extraordinary documents in our database: short fragments of the 1899 British cineamatori documenting the parade of the Barnum and Bailey in the UK. We put them on You Tube and I offer them in the bottom of this post.
They are perhaps the oldest existing film footage related to a circus.
If you like the story of the circus, stay tuned.

Barnum and Bailey, and their circus, spoken of in chapters 9, 10 and 11 of "History of the Circus."

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Callas

The single trapeze is now a specialty of the most spread of the circus, both traditional and contemporary. The pioneer of this discipline was the greek-Hispanic Miss Mara (Mara Papadopulos) in the 60's star of the Ringling-Barnum in America and then of the largest tents in Europe. Without Safety cables that are used today, well before the Russian school of the '80s and then the Canadian and French avant-garde, started a number still unmatched splendor.



Here in one of his rare performances in 1963 at the National Circus of Spanischer Carol Williams and Arturo Castilla.

In the photo above, Miss Mara Manuel Arturo Castilla and Feijo, the two greatest managers in the history of English circus.



Miss Mara talk page. 309 of "History of the Circus."

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Raffaele De Ritis

HISTORY OF THE CIRCUS


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From June 2008

In the meantime, this blog of insights, images and video on the history of the circus world.